• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    1471593 Pneumatic brake valves FABRYKA OSPRZETU SAMOCHODOWEGO POLMO 17 April 1974 [20 April 1973] 16849/74 Heading F2F A protection valve assembly comprises a housing 1 with a seat 4 co-operating with a spring biased valve member 5 which is actuatable by first and second pistons or membranes 10, 19 which can interact by relative mutual convergent movement by means of a thrust rod but are separated by a partition 2 one piston or membrane 10 having opposed chambers 23, 24 connected respectively to a main rear braking circuit and to an auxiliary rear braking circuit, a movable valve member being mounted in a wall of the chamber 24 and actuable by movement of the piston or membrane 10 by pressure in the chamber 23 against pressure in the chamber 24 to open a passageway in the wall, chambers 21, 22 on opposite sides of the piston or membrane 19 being connected respectively to an auxiliary control valve 31 and to a main front braking circuit so that the piston or membrane 19 is movable to move the other piston or membrane as above by pressure in chamber 21 as opposed to pressure in chamber 22. Under normal operating conditions (controlled by a brake valve 32) the piston 10, is in a lower position causing the member 5 to communicate the chamber 24, coupled to spring actuated fluid released auxiliary rear brake cylinders, with a chamber 25 connected to an auxiliary air supply, thus retaining the auxiliary cylinders inoperative. However, if the main rear brakes loose their pressure supply, the chamber 23 is vented, thus causing the pistons or membranes 10, 19 to rise, communicating the auxiliary cylinders to atmosphere for brake actuation. With no actuation of the main brakes for front and rear, venting of the chamber 21 by the auxiliary control valve 31 produces auxiliary cylinder actuation, the pressures in chambers 22, 23 balancing (even if they are changing) so that the pressure in chamber 24 raises the piston 10 to vent the auxiliary cylinders. The rate of pressure decrease in these cylinders is proportional to the decrease rate in the chamber 21. Likewise in the main rear brake circuit failure situation, the cylinder pressure decrease rate is proportional to the main circuit brake pressure increase rate communicated to the chamber 22.
    公开号:SU795446A3
    申请号:SU742019577
    申请日:1974-04-19
    公开日:1981-01-07
    发明作者:Стэфан Лесяк Веслав；Кароль Фальба Михал；Адам Опасэвич Витольд
    申请人:Фабрыка Оспшенту Самоходовэго"Польмо" Лодзь (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the automotive industry and can be used in dual-circuit brake systems of vehicles equipped with air-spring batteries on the rear 5 axis.
    A brake system is known in which a pneumatically controlled valve serves the auxiliary brake circuit 11]. ........ 10
    In the known system, the valve performs only one function, protecting the brake mechanisms of the rear wheels from overload, which could occur if a signal was simultaneously applied to activate the service and auxiliary brakes. The valve cannot perform the function of an accelerator in the auxiliary brake circuit and does not provide automatic operation of spring batteries in case of damage to the service circuit of the rear axle.
    Also known is a brake system with a pneumatically controlled valve, containing 25 spring-loaded locking elements and a tracking device located in the housing and installed with the possibility of interaction with each other. for shutting off the air supply to the pneumatic spring accumulators and for communicating with the atmosphere, chambers for connecting are formed by elements of the tracking device and a locking element in the housing: the first and second - service braking circuits, respectively, of the front and rear axles, the third - an additional control circuit of pneumatic spring accumulators and the fourth - crane manual control pneumatic spring batteries £ 2] ·
    This technical solution is the closest to the invention in technical essence. In a working system, braking is carried out at the same pressure in the service circuits. However, in the event of a rear axle loop accident, the regulator of the servo device acts on the locking element, the pressure in the spring chambers drops rapidly, causing a complete and sharp braking of the wheels of the rear axle, regardless of the degree of braking of the wheels of the front axle, i.e., the servo action of the brake drive is not provided. The valve is also not controlling for the auxiliary brake and does not protect the brake mechanisms of the rear axle wheels from overload, • 795446, which reduces the reliability of the brake system in various control modes.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability by providing follow-up action of the drive in various braking modes.
    This goal is achieved by the fact that in the housing there is a partition with a guide hole, and the follower is made in the form of two pistons located on both sides of the partition, the first of which has a rod located in the guide hole of the partition for the interaction of one of its end surfaces with the second piston moreover, a saddle of the said locking element is formed on the opposite end surface of the rod, one of the walls of the first chambers is formed by the surface of the second piston facing the partition And;
    the opposite surface is one of the walls of the fourth chamber, the surface of the first piston facing the septum, one of the walls of the second chamber is formed, and the opposite surface is one of the walls of the third chamber, while the specified locking element is placed in the housing so that it and an additional wall is formed chamber for connecting a pressure source.
    It is advisable to seal the rod of the first piston in the guide hole with two rings, and to inform the annular cavity formed by the indicated parts with the holes made in the specified rod with the atmosphere.
    In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a pneumatically controlled valve; figure 2 pneumatic brake system with diaphragm or piston actuators of the front axle and with pneumatic spring batteries actuators of the rear axle. ;
    The housing 1 of the pneumatic valve is made with a partition 2, which has a guide hole
    3. A saddle 4 is made inside the housing, with which a locking element 5 interacts, having two sealing elements 6 and 7 and an atmospheric hole 8. The element 5 is loaded with a spring 9. The first piston 10 with a rod 11 located in one side of the partition 2 is installed partition hole 3
    2. in the rod 11 there is an axial blind hole 12, which is indicated by the hole 13 in the rod 11 s. cavity 14, formed by two o-rings 15 and 16, the rod 11 and the walls of the guide hole 3 jiepera 2. The seal rod 11 in the guide 3 is carried out by rings -> mi 15 and 16, and the pistons are sealed by rings 17. End face t5 rod surface 11 forms a seat for element 5.
    On the other side of the baffle 2, coaxially with the piston 10, a piston 19 is arranged which interacts with the piston 10 along the end surface 20 of the rod 11. The pistons 10 and 19 form a valve follower.
    Inside the case can be distinguished. four cameras 21-24 and an additional camera 25, with connections 26-30.
    The walls of the chamber 21 are the partition 2 and the surface of the piston 19 facing it; the walls of the chamber 22 are the baffle 2 and the surface of the piston 10 facing it; one of the walls of the chamber 23 is the opposite surface of the piston 10; one of the walls of the chamber 24 is the surface of the piston 19 facing the end wall of the housing 1. The chamber 25 is formed by the walls of the housing and element 5 with elements b and 7 ..
    The valve is included in the brake system so that the connection 26 is communicated with the manual control valve 31, the connection 267 is communicated with the front axle service brake circuit 32, the connection 28 is communicated with the rear axle service circuit 33, the connection 29 is communicated with additional spring-loaded battery control circuit 34 35 and 36, the connection 30 is communicated with the pressure source 37. The service braking circuits 32 and 33 are connected to the control valve 38.
    According to the invention, three functions are performed in the brake system due to the presence of a pneumatically controlled valve.
    The first function is to control the additional circuit 34. In the unbraked state in the chambers 21 and 22, atmospheric pressure. Setting the lever of the crane 31 to disengage causes a gradual supply of pressure to the chamber 24. The piston moves down (according to the drawing) and, after touching the surface of the rod 11, causes the piston to move 10. The seat 18, interacting with element 6 of element 5, closes the hole 8, thereby interrupting the connection of the camera 23, and hence the pneumatic spring batteries, with the atmosphere. With further movement of the piston 10, the connection between the element 5 and the seat 4 is interrupted and the passage for compressed air from the source 37 opens through the connection 30 of the chamber 25 and 23 to the accumulators 35 and 36. The pressure in the chamber 23 and the corresponding chamber of the accumulators 35 and 36 will increase until , while the sum of the force of the spring 9 and the force from the pressure of the compressed air on the piston 10 does not exceed the force acting on the piston 19 so that the element 5 with the system of pistons 1 (and 19 will move up to the equilibrium position, i.e., the element 6 is in contact with the saddle 4, and with saddle 18, at In this, the cameras 23 and 25 are disconnected, and the camera 23 is not connected with the atmosphere.
    Thus, an increase in pressure in the chamber 24 causes an increase in the pressure in the chamber 23 and in the corresponding respective cavities of the accumulators 35 and 36, causing the vehicle to gradually and slowly brake.
    When the car is moving, full pressure is supplied to the chamber, the piston system 10 and 19 are in the lowest position, the chambers 25 and 23 are communicated, the pressure is also supplied to the corresponding chambers in the air-spring accumulators, and the braking mechanisms are in a braked state.
    For inhibition of over- 'Settings crane arm 31 provide a reduction in pressure in the chamber 24. Because of this disturbed equilibrium of forces acting on the pistons 10 minutes system 19. The force acting on the piston 0 19 is reduced, and the system is moved upward by the force on the piston 10. Moves up and element 5 to the contact of element 6 with the saddle 4, the camera and 23 are disconnected. With further movement of the system of pistons 10 and 19, the saddle 18 is detached from the element 6 and the hole 8 is opened.
    The chamber 23, and therefore the pneumatic spring accumulators, is in communication with the atmosphere.
    The decrease in pressure in the chamber 23 ψ continues until the force from the action of compressed air on the piston 19 exceeds the force from the action of compressed air on the piston 10, then, under the action of the difference in forces, the piston system moves down to the equilibrium position.
    Thus, a decrease in pressure in the chamber 24 causes controlled braking.
    If the chamber 24 is in communication with the atmosphere, then the pistons 10 and 19 are in the upper position, atmospheric pressure is also in the chamber 23 and the corresponding cavities of the pneumatic spring accumulators, the brake mechanisms of the rear wheels are activated.
    The second function is to protect the lever system of the executive brake mechanisms from overload in the case of simultaneous control of the service and additional circuit. In this case, the pressure in the chambers 21 and 22 increases when the valve 38 is controlled, and in the chamber 24 decreases due to the actuation of the valve 31. Until the pressure on both sides of the piston 19 is equalized, the system of pistons 10 and 19 moves up and therefore, the pressure in the chamber 23 and the corresponding chambers of the pneumatic spring accumulators decreases in proportion to the pressure drop in the chamber 24, regardless of the increase. the pressure in the chambers 22 and 21. As a result, the lever system of the brake is loaded with the resulting force arising from the partial action of the service and spring drive mechanisms of the pneumatic spring batteries of the rear axle.
    From the moment the pressure on both sides of the piston 19 is equalized, a further drop in the chamber 24 and an increase in pressure in the chambers 22 and 21 causes the piston 19 to move up, and the piston 10 begins to move down, and the pressure in the chamber 23 and in the corresponding chambers in the batteries 35 and 36 increases in proportion to the increase in pressure in the chamber 22. In such a situation, the lever system is loaded with a continuing force growing due to the action of the service drive mechanisms, and correspondingly decreasing force resulting from the action of spring drive mechanisms of batteries 35 and 36. As a result of the above, the total load on the linkage system does not exceed the largest load during service or parking braking.
    The third function of the system is automatic and controlled braking by an additional circuit in the event of an accident in the service circuit of the rear axle.
    When moving, the actuation of the valve 38 causes a simultaneous increase in pressure in the chambers 22 and 21, as a result of which the system of pistons 10 and 19 continues to be in the lowest position and the communication of the chambers 25 and 23 is not interrupted, thereby activating the service brake does not affect the brake state of the parking (auxiliary) brake. In the event of an accident in the rear circuit 33, pressure is supplied only to the chamber 21, while in the chamber 22 the pressure is atmospheric. As a result of the force acting on the piston 19 cp of the side of the chamber 21, the equilibrium of the system of pistons 10 and 19 is disturbed. These pistons 10 and 19 move upward, which causes a pressure drop in the chamber 23 in proportion to the increase in pressure in the chamber 21, which causes controlled braking of the rear axle. Thus, in the event of a circuit 33 accident, service braking control causes the rear axle parking brake to be applied automatically by braking the air-spring batteries with an intensity proportional to the
    7.95446 front axle service brakes.
    In addition to these functions, the separation of the chambers 22 and 21 by the cavity 14, which is constantly in communication with the atmosphere, protects the system from damage. Damage to rings 15 or 16 causes a pressure drop in the front 32 or rear 33 circuit, which does not affect the operability of the other circuit, but is a malfunction. what can be seen by the driver.
    The design of the valve is such that all moving elements move in any braking control mode. This ensures that the system is always ready to perform each of the three listed functions.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    (54) PNEUMATICALLY VOY THE VALVE FOR THE BRAKE SYSTEM OF THE CAR, which reduces the reliability of the braking system in various control modes. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability by ensuring the follow-up of the drive on various braking modes. This goal is achieved by the fact that a partition with a guide hole is made in the housing, and the next device is designed as two pistons located on either side of the bulkhead, the first of which has a rod placed in the partition guide hole for interacting with one of its face surfaces with a second piston, with the opposite end surface of the stem forming the seat of the mentioned locking element, the surface of the second piston facing the partition forming one of the walls of the first cam The opposite surface is one of the walls of the fourth chamber, the surface of the first piston facing the partition is formed from one of the second chamber and the opposite surface is one of the walls of the third chamber, with the specified shut-off element placed in the housing so that an additional chamber is formed in the wall of the housing for switching the pressure source. It is advisable to seal the piston rod of the first piston in the direction of the hole with two rings, and to form the annular cavity formed by these parts with the atmosphere of the holes made in the specified rod. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pneumatic valve; FIG. pneumatic braking system with diaphragm or piston actuators of the front axle and pneumatic spring batteries of the actuators of the rear axle. ; The body 1 of the pneumatic valve is made with a partition 2, which has a hole 3 directed towards the core. Inside the body there is a seat 4 with which the locking element 5 has interaction, having two sealing elements 6 and 7 and an atmospheric hole 8. Element 5 is loaded with spring 9. In A housing on one side of the partition 2 is provided with a first piston 10 with a rod 11, placed S in the guide hole 3 of the partition 2. In the rod 11, an axially deaf hole 12 is made, which is connected by a hole 13 in the rod 11 s. a cavity 14 formed by two sealing rings 15 and 16, a rod 11 and the walls of the guide hole 3 of jie recess 2. The pin 11 is sealed in guide 3 by rings 15 and 16, and the sealing of the wounds is done by rings 17. The end surface of the rod 11 forms a saddle 18 of element 5. On the other side of the partition 2, a piston 19 is disposed coaxially with the piston 10 and cooperates with the piston 10 along the end surface 20 of the rod 11. The pistons 10 and 19 form a valve follower. corps clear highlight. four cameras 21-24 and additional camera 25, with connections 26-30. The walls of the chamber 21 are the partition 2 and the surface of the piston 19, the walls of the chamber 22 facing towards it 22 are the partition 2 and the surface of the piston 10 facing one of the walls of Xm1 23 facing it is the opposite surface of the piston 10; One of the walls of the chamber 24 is the surface of the piston 19 facing the end wall of the housing 1. KeUviepa 25 is formed by the walls of the housing and element 5 from elements 6 and 7. The valve is connected to the brake system in such a way that connection 26 communicates with the manual control tap 31 , connection 2-7 is in communication with the front axle service brake circuit 32, connection 28 is communicated with the rear axle service brake circuit 33, connection 29 is communicated with additional control circuits 34 of the spring-loaded batteries 35 and 36, connection 30 is reported with pressure source 37. Service braking circuits 32 and 33 are connected to control cock 38. According to the invention, three functions are performed in the brake system, due to the presence of a pneumatic valve. The first function is to control the additional circuit 34. In the disinhibited state, in chambers 21. to 22, the pressure is atmospheric. Installation of the lever of the valve 31 to release the pressure causes a gradual supply of pressure to the chamber 24, the piston 19 moves downwards | according to the drawing) and after contact with the surface 20 of the rod 11 causes the movement of the piston unit 10. The saddle 18, interacting with element b of the element 5, overlaps the hole 8, thereby interrupting The connection of the chamber 23, and therefore pneumo-batteries, with the atmosphere. Upon further movement of the piston 10, the connection of the element 5 with the seat 4 is interrupted and the passage for compressed air from the source 37 is opened through the connection 30 of the chamber 25 and 23 to the accumulators 35 and 36. The pressure in the chamber 23 and the corresponding chambers of the accumulators 35 and 36 will increase until the sum of the force of the spring 9 and the force from the pressure of compressed air on the piston 10 exceeds the force exerted on the piston 19 so that 5 with the piston system 1 (and 19 moves upward to the equilibrium position, t, i.e. element 6 contacts as with a saddle 4, and with a saddle 18, while Cameras 23 and 25 are disconnected, and chamber 23 is not in communication with the atmosphere. Thus, an increase in VIA in chamber 24 causes an increase in pressure in chamber 23 and in the corresponding cavities of batteries 35 and 36, causing a gradual disinhibition of the vehicle. When the car moves into the chamber 24, full pressure is applied, the system of pistons 10 and 19 is in the lowest position, chambers 25 and 23 are communicated, pressure is also applied to the corresponding chambers in the spring-loaded accumulators, and the brakes are braked to stay. In order to brake by shifting the lever of the crane 31, pressure in the chamber 24 is reduced. As a result, the forces acting on the piston system 10 and 19 are disturbed. The force acting on the plate 19 decreases, and the system moves upwards due to the force exerted on the piston 10 Moving upward and element 5 until the element b contacts the saddle 4, the chambers 25 and 23 are uncoupled. Upon further movement of the system of pistons 10 and 19, the saddle 18 is detached from the element 6 and the opening 8 opens. Camera 23, and therefore pneumatic spring batteries, is in communication with the atmosphere. The pressure in chamber 23 continues to decrease until the force from the impact of compressed air on noptiieHb 19 exceeds the force from the action of compressed air on the piston 10, then the piston system moves down to the equilibrium position under the effect of the difference of forces. Thus, a decrease in pressure in chamber 24 causes control braking. If the chamber 24 is in communication with the atmosphere, the pistons 10 and 19 are in the upper position, in the chamber 23 and the corresponding cavities of the pneumatic load accumulators are also atmospheric pressure, the rear wheel brake mechanisms are activated. The second function is to protect the lever system of the executive brake mechanisms from overload in the case of simultaneous control of the seat and additional circuit. In this case, the pressure in the chambers 21 and 22 increases when the valve 38 is operated, and in the chamber 24 decreases due to the actuation of the crane 3. As long as the pressure on both sides of the piston 19 is not equalized, the system of pistons 10 and 19 moves upwards and Consequently, the pressure in chamber 23 and the corresponding chambers of the spring-loaded batteries decreases in proportion to the pressure drop in chamber 24, regardless of the pressure in the chambers 22 and 21. As a result, the brake linkage system is loaded with the resultant force arising from partial action service and spring actuators pneumatic spring accumulators of the rear axle. From the moment when the pressure on both sides of the piston 19 is equalized, a further drop in chamber 24 and an increase in pressure in chambers 22 and 21 cause the POEMEN 19 to move upwards, and the piston 10 starts to move downwards, and the pressure in chamber 23 and in the corresponding chambers in batteries 35 and 36 increase in proportion to the increase in pressure in chamber 22. In such a situation, the lever system is loaded with a continuing increase in force arising due to the action of service actuators and decreasing, respectively, as a result of action vi spring actuators accumulators 35 and 36. As a result, the overall load on the considered linkage does not exceed the maximum load for the service or the parking braking. The third function of the system is automatic and controlled braking with an additional circuit in the event of an accident in the service circuit of the latching axis. When moving, the actuation of the crane 38 causes a simultaneous increase in pressure in chambers 22 and 21, as a result of which the system of pistons 10 and 19 continues to be in the lowest position and the connection of chambers 25 and 23 is not interrupted, thereby activating the service brake to the release condition of the night-time (auxiliary) brake. In the event of a fault in the rear loop 33, pressure is applied only to the chamber 21, while in the chamber 22 the pressure is atmospheric. As a result of the force acting on the piston 19 on the cp of the chamber 21, the balance of the system and the pistons 10 and 19 is disturbed. These pistons 10 and 19 move upwards, which causes a drop in pressure in chamber 23 in proportion to the pressure in chamber 21, which causes controlled braking of the rear axle. Thus, in case of an accident of the circuit 33, service braking control. Causes automatic activation of the rear-night hundred-minute torlus by controlling the braking of the spring-loaded accumulators with an intensity proportional to the intensity of the activation of the service brakes of the front axle. In addition to these separation functions, chambers 22 and 2 ± cavity 14, which is constantly in communication with the atmosphere, are protected; damage from the system. Damage to the rings 15 or 16 causes a pressure drop in the front 32 or rear 33 circuit, which does not affect the performance of the other circuit, but is a malfunction signal ,. what can be noticed by the driver. The design of the valve is such that all moving parts move in any braking control mode. This ensures that the system is always ready for each of the three listed functions. Claim 1. Pneumatically operated valve for the automotive vehicle's system containing a spring-loaded locking element located in the housing and a tracking device installed with the ability to interact with each other to shut off the air supply to the pneumo-spring accumulators and to communicate them with the atmosphere, elements for the said follower device and a locking element in the body are formed by chambers for connecting: the first and second — the braking system circuits, respectively, the front and rear axles, the third — an additional control circuit of the pneumatic spring batteries and the screw of the manual control of the pneumatic spring batteries, which, in order to increase reliability by ensuring the follow-up drive on different braking modes, in the housing is heated with a pilot hole, and The following device is made in the form of two pistons located on both sides of the partition, the first of which has a stem, which is placed in the guide hole of the partition for the interaction of one of its their end surfaces with a second piston, with the opposite end surface of the stem, the seat of the mentioned locking element is formed, the surface of the second piston facing the partition / one of the walls of the first chamber is formed, and the opposite surface is one of the walls of the fourth chamber, the partition, one of the walls of the second chamber is formed, and the opposite surface is one of the walls of the third chamber, with the specified shut-off element placed in the housing so that they and the Coy additional chamber housing is formed for connecting the pressure source #. 2. Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston rod of the first piston is sealed in the guide bore with two rings, and the annular cavity formed by said parts is in communication with the atmosphere of the holes formed in said rod. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Germany patent No. 1655767, cl. 63. C 53/01, 1966.
    [2]
    2. The patent of Germany No. 1249105, cl. 63 pp 53/01, 1962 (prototype).
    / J 5 lit 12.
    13 21
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CS192511B2|1979-08-31|
    HU170736B|1977-08-28|
    GB1471593A|1977-04-27|
    DE2415482C3|1978-11-16|
    IT1009455B|1976-12-10|
    DE2415482A1|1974-10-31|
    FR2226842A7|1974-11-15|
    DE2415482B2|1978-03-30|
    YU68574A|1981-02-28|
    PL85555B1|1976-04-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB1578752A|1976-02-28|1980-11-12|Bendix Corp|Vehicle braking apparatus|
    IT1075771B|1976-10-11|1985-04-22|Magneti Marelli Spa|IMPROVEMENT OF PNEUMATIC BRAKING SYSTEMS FOR TWO OR MORE SECTIONS OF INDUSTRIAL VEHICLES|
    DE2717560C3|1977-04-20|1980-09-18|Knorr-Bremse Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen|Spring brake device, in particular for rail vehicles|
    DE2820921A1|1978-05-12|1979-11-15|Knorr Bremse Gmbh|BRAKE DEVICE FOR VEHICLES|
    DE3224397C2|1982-06-30|1986-04-10|Graubremse Gmbh, 6900 Heidelberg|Overload protection relay valve for combined service and spring brake systems for vehicles, in particular road vehicles|
    DE102006023444A1|2006-05-18|2007-11-22|Liebherr-Aerospace Lindenberg Gmbh|Air conditioning with a redundant supply of supply air|
    EP2620337A2|2006-12-13|2013-07-31|Renault Trucks|Braking device, in particular for an industrial vehicle|
    DE102015007383A1|2015-06-10|2016-12-15|Wabco Gmbh|Pneumatic brake system for a trailer|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PL16204073A|PL85555B1|1973-04-20|1973-04-20|
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